Fort San Pedro Cebu City
Located in the Pier area of Cebu City is the imposing stone structure of the Fuerza de San Pedro, or popularly known as the Fort San Pedro.
The Fort is the Philippine’s smallest and oldest military bastion. It was built in the 1700s, by Cebuano and Spanish laborers under the direction of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and the Spanish Government in Cebu against Muslim raiders.
Inside the twenty feet high walls, the Fort covers an area of more than 2,000 square meters. Its towers are thirty feet high from the ground level. There are fourteen cannons mounted in the eight feet thick walls.
The fort is triangular in shape, with two sides facing the sea and the third side fronting the land. The citadel on the southwest was named La Concepcion, the other one in the southeast was called Ignacio de Loyola, and the one in the northeast was dubbed San Miguel.
The fort was then surrendered by the Spaniards to the Cebuano rebels in 1898, following the American victory at the Battle of Manila Bay.
Fort San Pedro then became a part of the Americans Warwick Barracks, which was later converted into a school where many Cebuanos received education.
In later years, the Fort would continue serve various purposes. The fort served as a fortification for Japanese soldiers during World War 2, as an emergency hospital during the fight for independence, and as an army camp during the mid-1900s.
The inner part of the fort was then fixed by the Cebu Garden Club into a miniature garden after the 1950s. The fort’s dilapidated upper deck was used for several government offices. The fort was also home to the Cebu zoo until it was relocated to make way for the bastion’s restoration.
The fort is now under the care and administration of Cebu City as historical park.
Fort San Pedro has since been converted into a national museum showcasing well preserved artifacts, including the San Diego shipwreck, and evidences of the Cebuanos’ vital history.
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